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Understanding
EARLY-STAGE
TYPE 1 DIABETES (T1D)

T1D starts long before people need insulin injections. Find out about the stages of T1D.

Actor portrayal

WHAT ARE THE STAGES OF T1D?

T1D is an autoimmune disease. It occurs when the immune system attacks the cells in the pancreas that make insulin, called beta cells. But T1D happens in stages. The attack on the beta cells starts before you need insulin injections. This is called early-stage T1D. During this stage, two or more T1D autoantibodies are present in the blood.

Key words to know
Beta cells icon

Beta cells are the cells in the pancreas that are responsible for making insulin and releasing it into the body

Autoantibody icon

T1D autoantibodies are proteins that show up in the blood when the immune system starts to attack beta cells

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EARLY-Stage

T1D

STAGE 1
Beta cells circle icon

The immune system has started attacking beta cells

2 or more autoantibodies icon

Two or more T1D autoantibodies are present

Blood cell and blood sugar icon

Blood sugar levels are within a normal range

Pancreas with insulin icon

No insulin is needed

STAGE 2
Damaged beta cells icon

Beta cells continue to be attacked

2 or more autoantibodies icon

Two or more T1D autoantibodies are present

Blood sugar levels icon

Blood sugar levels may be outside of a normal range. This is called dysglycemia

Pancreas with less insulin icon

No insulin is needed

STAGE 3

T1D

Dead beta cells icon

Beta cells are damaged and can't make enough insulin

2 or more autoantibodies icon

Two or more T1D autoantibodies may be present

High blood sugar icon

Blood sugar levels are higher than a healthy range. This is called hyperglycemia

Pancreas without insulin icon

The body can't make enough insulin on its own, so taking insulin injections will eventually be needed

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SCREEN FOR

Early-Stage T1D

Early-stage T1D can be found with a blood test. The test looks for T1D autoantibodies in the blood. There are three possible results:
0 autoantibodies icon

0 T1D AUTOANTIBODIES

It can be helpful to talk to your doctor about getting rescreened every year, especially if you have a family history of T1D

1 autoantibody icon

1 T1D AUTOANTIBODY

You are more likely to develop T1D than someone with no T1D autoantibodies present

2 or more autoantibodies icon

2 OR MORE T1D AUTOANTIBODIES

You are likely in the early stages of T1D and should talk to your doctor about testing your blood sugar levels

Talk to your doctor about how to detect abnormal blood sugar levels
Person icon

people with a family history of t1d
can be up to 15 times more likely to develop it

If someone in your family has T1D, talk to your doctor about getting screened to help prepare for the future.

Certain viruses (like coxsackievirus B) or autoimmune conditions (like celiac disease or Hashimoto's) can also be risk factors. And people can be diagnosed with T1D at any age. If you think you may be at risk for T1D, talk to your doctor about getting screened.

How can you or your child get screened?
There are several ways to get screened for early-stage T1D, including:
Stethoscope icon with text "at a doctor's office"
Test tube icon with text "at certain labs"
Envelope icon with text "at home with an at-home test kit"
Talk to your doctor about early screening and treatment options.
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Shield icon with text "generation TZIELD"

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION AND APPROVED USE

What is the most important information I should know about TZIELD?

TZIELD may cause serious side effects. These include:

  • Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS). Signs and symptoms may start during the first 5 days of TZIELD treatment and could include fever, nausea, feeling tired (fatigue), headache, muscle and joint pain, or increased liver enzymes in your blood. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you develop any signs and symptoms of CRS during treatment with TZIELD
  • Decrease in white blood cells. TZIELD may cause a decrease in a type of white blood cell called lymphocytes. A decrease in white blood cells is a serious, but common side effect that can affect your body’s ability to fight infections. A decrease in white blood cell counts can happen after your first dose. Your white blood cell counts will start to go back to normal after your fifth dose of TZIELD. Some people may develop longer and more severe decreases in lymphocytes

What should I tell my healthcare provider before receiving TZIELD? Before or after receiving TZIELD, tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you:

  • have a serious infection or an infection that does not go away or keeps coming back
  • have recently received or are scheduled to receive an immunization (vaccine). TZIELD may affect how well a vaccine works. Tell your doctor that you are receiving TZIELD before receiving a vaccine
  • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. TZIELD may harm your unborn baby. Do not receive TZIELD during pregnancy and at least 30 days before a planned pregnancy
  • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if TZIELD passes into your breast milk and if it can harm your baby. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby if you receive TZIELD

What are the possible side effects of TZIELD?

The most common side effects of TZIELD include:

  • rash
  • leukopenia (decrease in white blood cell counts)
  • headache

What is TZIELD?

TZIELD is a prescription medicine used to delay the onset of Stage 3 type 1 diabetes, which is when your body can’t make enough insulin on its own and may require insulin injections. TZIELD is for adults and children 8 years of age and older who have Stage 2 type 1 diabetes. This means that they have tested positive for 2 or more type 1 diabetes-related autoantibodies, have abnormal blood sugar levels, and do not have type 2 diabetes. It is not known if TZIELD is safe and effective in children under 8 years of age.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

What is the most important information I should know about TZIELD?

TZIELD may cause serious side effects. These include:

  • Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS). Signs and symptoms may start during the first 5 days of TZIELD treatment and could include fever, nausea, feeling tired (fatigue), headache, muscle and joint pain, or increased liver enzymes in your blood. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you develop any signs and symptoms of CRS during treatment with TZIELD
  • Decrease in white blood cells. TZIELD may cause a decrease in a type of white blood cell called lymphocytes. A decrease in white blood cells is a serious, but common side effect that can affect your body’s ability to fight infections. A decrease in white blood cell counts can happen after your first dose. Your white blood cell counts will start to go back to normal after your fifth dose of TZIELD. Some people may develop longer and more severe decreases in lymphocytes

Your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check your liver and your complete blood counts before you start treatment and during treatment with TZIELD. During and after your treatment with TZIELD, your healthcare provider will check for serious side effects, as well as other side effects, and treat you as needed. Your healthcare provider may temporarily or completely stop your treatment with TZIELD, if you develop liver problems, have a serious infection, or if your blood counts stay too low.

What should I tell my healthcare provider before receiving TZIELD? Before or after receiving TZIELD, tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you:

  • have a serious infection or an infection that does not go away or keeps coming back
  • have recently received or are scheduled to receive an immunization (vaccine). TZIELD may affect how well a vaccine works. Tell your doctor that you are receiving TZIELD before receiving a vaccine
  • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. TZIELD may harm your unborn baby. Do not receive TZIELD during pregnancy and at least 30 days before a planned pregnancy
  • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if TZIELD passes into your breast milk and if it can harm your baby. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby if you receive TZIELD

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.

What are the possible side effects of TZIELD?

The most common side effects of TZIELD include:

  • rash
  • leukopenia (decrease in white blood cell counts)
  • headache

These are not all of the possible side effects of TZIELD. Talk to your healthcare provider for more information, and tell them about any side effects you notice. You may report side effects to the FDA at www.fda.gov/medwatch or 1-800-FDA-1088.

Please see Medication Guide and Prescribing Information.

What is TZIELD?

TZIELD is a prescription medicine used to delay the onset of Stage 3 type 1 diabetes, which is when your body can’t make enough insulin on its own and may require insulin injections. TZIELD is for adults and children 8 years of age and older who have Stage 2 type 1 diabetes. This means that they have tested positive for 2 or more type 1 diabetes-related autoantibodies, have abnormal blood sugar levels, and do not have type 2 diabetes. It is not known if TZIELD is safe and effective in children under 8 years of age.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION

What is the most important information I should know about TZIELD?

TZIELD may cause serious side effects. These include:

  • Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS). Signs and symptoms may start during the first 5 days of TZIELD treatment and could include fever, nausea, feeling tired (fatigue), headache, muscle and joint pain, or increased liver enzymes in your blood. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you develop any signs and symptoms of CRS during treatment with TZIELD
  • Decrease in white blood cells. TZIELD may cause a decrease in a type of white blood cell called lymphocytes. A decrease in white blood cells is a serious, but common side effect that can affect your body’s ability to fight infections. A decrease in white blood cell counts can happen after your first dose. Your white blood cell counts will start to go back to normal after your fifth dose of TZIELD. Some people may develop longer and more severe decreases in lymphocytes

Your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check your liver and your complete blood counts before you start treatment and during treatment with TZIELD. During and after your treatment with TZIELD, your healthcare provider will check for serious side effects, as well as other side effects, and treat you as needed. Your healthcare provider may temporarily or completely stop your treatment with TZIELD, if you develop liver problems, have a serious infection, or if your blood counts stay too low.

What should I tell my healthcare provider before receiving TZIELD? Before or after receiving TZIELD, tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you:

  • have a serious infection or an infection that does not go away or keeps coming back
  • have recently received or are scheduled to receive an immunization (vaccine). TZIELD may affect how well a vaccine works. Tell your doctor that you are receiving TZIELD before receiving a vaccine
  • are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. TZIELD may harm your unborn baby. Do not receive TZIELD during pregnancy and at least 30 days before a planned pregnancy
  • are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if TZIELD passes into your breast milk and if it can harm your baby. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby if you receive TZIELD

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.

What are the possible side effects of TZIELD?

The most common side effects of TZIELD include:

  • rash
  • leukopenia (decrease in white blood cell counts)
  • headache

These are not all of the possible side effects of TZIELD. Talk to your healthcare provider for more information, and tell them about any side effects you notice. You may report side effects to the FDA at www.fda.gov/medwatch or 1-800-FDA-1088.

Please see Medication Guide and Prescribing Information.

What is TZIELD?

TZIELD is a prescription medicine used to delay the onset of Stage 3 type 1 diabetes, which is when your body can’t make enough insulin on its own and may require insulin injections. TZIELD is for adults and children 8 years of age and older who have Stage 2 type 1 diabetes. This means that they have tested positive for 2 or more type 1 diabetes-related autoantibodies, have abnormal blood sugar levels, and do not have type 2 diabetes. It is not known if TZIELD is safe and effective in children under 8 years of age.